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21.
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals: Synthesis and Thermal Behavior of Optically Active,Three‐Ring Schiff Bases and Salicylaldimines 下载免费PDF全文
Bhyranalyar N. Veerabhadraswamy Dr. Doddamane S. Shankar Rao Dr. Channabasaveshwar V. Yelamaggad 《化学:亚洲杂志》2018,13(8):1012-1023
The chiral ferroelectric smectic C (SmC*) phase, characterized by a helical superstructure, has been well exploited in developing high‐resolution microdisplays that have been effectively employed in the fabrication of a wide varieties of portable devices. Although, an overwhelming number of optically active (chiral) liquid crystals (LCs) exhibiting a SmC* phase have been designed and synthesized, the search for new systems continues so as to realize mesogens capable of meeting technical necessities and specifications for their end‐use. In continuation of our research work in this direction, herein we report the design, synthesis, and thermal behavior of twenty new optically active, three‐ring calamitic LCs belonging to four series. The first two series comprise five pairs of enantiomeric Schiff bases whereas the other two series are composed of five pairs of enantiomeric salicylaldimines. In each pair of optical isomers, the configuration of a chiral center in one stereoisomer is opposite to that of the analogous center in the other isomer as they are derived from (3 S)‐3,7‐dimethyloctyloxy and (3 R)‐3,7‐dimethyloctyloxy tails. To probe the structure–property correlations in each series, the length of the n‐alkoxy tail situated at the other end of the mesogens has been varied from n‐octyloxy to n‐dodecyloxy. The measurement of optical activity of these chiral mesogens was carried out by recording their specific rotations. As expected, enantiomers rotate plane polarized light in the opposite direction but by the same magnitude. The thermal behavior of the compounds was established by using a combination of optical polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X‐ray diffraction. These complementary techniques demonstrate the existence of the expected, thermodynamically stable, chiral smectic C (SmC*) LC phase besides blue phase I/II (BPI or BPII) and chiral nematic (N*) phase. However, as noted in our previous analogous study, the vast majority of the Schiff bases show an additional metastable, unfamiliar smectic (SmX) phase just below the SmC* phase. Notably, the SmC* phase persists over the temperature range ≈80–115 °C. Two mesogens chosen each from Schiff bases and salicylaldimines were investigated for their electrical switching behavior. The study reveals the ferroelectric switching characteristics of the SmC* phase featuring the spontaneous polarization (PS) in the range 69–96 nC cm?2. The helical twist sense of the SmC* phase as well as the N* phase formed by a pair of enantiomeric Schiff bases and salicylaldimines has been established with the help of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic technique. As expected, the SmC* and the N* phase of a pair of enantiomers showed mirror image CD signals. Most importantly, the reversal of helical handedness from left to right and vice versa has been evidenced during the N* to SmC* phase transition, implying that the screw sense of the helical array of the N* phase and the SmC* phase of an enantiomer is opposite. 相似文献
22.
We have studied a polar, biaxial nematic liquid crystal formed from bent-core molecules using molecular field theory. The model includes a simple Heisenberg-form dipolar intermolecular interaction in addition to the usual quadrupolar nematic interaction, and mimics a system consisting of nematogenic bent-core molecules with a large transverse dipole along the bisector of the two molecular arms. Such systems are regarded as good candidates for biaxial nematic liquid crystals. In principle, the molecular dipoles can align, thus stabilising the ordering of the minor axes. Our calculations predict that, for suitable values of the bent-core interarm angle, the biaxial nematic phase can be stabilised at higher temperatures than in the absence of the transverse dipole. In general, the transverse macroscopic polar order stabilises the biaxial nematic phase. In particular, for a large enough dipolar interaction, the Landau point in the pure biaxial nematic develops into a line of first-order polar biaxial nematic-to-isotropic phase transitions. 相似文献
23.
Francesco Vita 《Liquid crystals》2016,43(13-15):2254-2276
ABSTRACTSince its theoretical prediction in 1970, the search for the biaxial nematic phase in thermotropic systems has challenged generations of liquid crystal scientists. Over the last 10 years, bent-core mesogens have drawn much interest as promising candidates for nematic biaxiality. However, despite a number of disputed claims, conclusive evidence of proper (spontaneous and macroscopic) biaxial order in these materials is still missing. By contrast, it is now widely recognised that biaxiality exists on a local scale, in the form of nano-sized clusters of molecules (cybotactic groups) possessing smectic-like positional order and biaxial orientational order. This article provides a review of X-ray diffraction studies on biaxiality and cybotaxis in bent-core nematics, discussing the most relevant issues related to this research field. 相似文献
24.
Development of Polar Order in the Liquid Crystal Phases of a 4‐Cyanoresorcinol‐Based Bent‐Core Mesogen with Fluorinated Azobenzene Wings 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Mohamed Alaasar Dr. Marko Prehm Dr. Maria‐Gabriela Tamba Dr. Nerea Sebastián Dr. Alexey Eremin Prof. Dr. Carsten Tschierske 《Chemphyschem》2016,17(2):278-287
A bent‐core mesogen consisting of a 4‐cyanoresorcinol unit as the central core and laterally fluorinated azobenzene wings forms four different smectic LC phase structures in the sequence SmA–SmCs–SmCsPAR–M, all involving polar SmCsPS domains with growing coherence length of tilt and polar order on decreasing temperature. The SmA phase is a cluster‐type de Vries phase with randomized tilt and polar direction; in the paraelectric SmCs phase the tilt becomes uniform, although polar order is still short‐range. Increasing polar correlation leads to a new tilted and randomized polar smectic phase with antipolar correlation between the domains (SmCsPAR) which then transforms into a viscous polar mesophase M. As another interesting feature, spontaneous symmetry breaking by formation of a conglomerate of chiral domains is observed in the non‐polar paraelectric SmCs phase. 相似文献
25.
一系列含T-型二维液晶基元的液晶高分子配体的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以4,4′ (α,ω 亚烷基二酰氧)二苯甲酰氯和2,4 二羟基 4′ 烷氧基偶氮苯为单体,通过溶液聚合,合成了一系列新的含T 型二维液晶基元的液晶高分子配体.单体的结构通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和MS等方法确证.高分子配体通过GPC、DSC、TG、WAXD和偏光显微镜等方法测试表征,发现所有的高分子配体加热至各自的熔点以上都能形成液晶态,在液晶态可以观察到向列型的丝状织构和纹影织构.它们的熔点(Tm)和液晶态的清亮点(Ti)随分子中末端烷氧基增大和柔性间隔段长度增加呈规律性变化.特别值得一提的是,发现末端不含取代基的高分子配体也能产生液晶态,这对该类高分子液晶态生成的机制与液晶态的织构提供了一个新的研究课题[1]. 相似文献
26.
Matthias Lehmann Jérôme Cornil Jean-Luc Brédas Simon Goddard Yves Geerts 《Tetrahedron》2004,60(14):3283-3291
Hexaazatriisothianaphthenes substituted with six alkylsulfanyl chains (propyl and dodecylsulfanyl) have been synthesised and their thermotropic, photophysical and oxidation-reduction properties characterised. Their synthesis has been motivated by the results of quantum-chemical calculations that point to efficient transport properties for these new electron-deficient mesogens since electron transport is predicted to be only slightly affected by rotational degrees of freedom in the discotic mesophase. 相似文献
27.
28.
Achiral four-ring unsymmetrically substituted toluene-derived liquid crystals have been designed and synthesised by known and straightforward methods. All these compounds exhibit nematic phase over wide temperatures. 相似文献
29.
A new family of four-ring achiral bent-core compounds derived from 2-methyl 3-amino benzoic acid with the methyl group in the bent direction incorporated into the central core have been designed and synthesised. These compounds possess an alkoxy chain attached at only one end of the bent core molecule, while the other arm consists of a biphenyl moiety possessing a highly polar cyano-group. The molecular structure has been confirmed by elemental analysis and spectroscopic data, and the thermal behaviour and phase characterisation has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and polarising microscopy. All the compounds exhibit a wide-range enantiotropic nematic phase. A comparison with non-mesomorphic unsubstituted and 4-methyl-substituted homologues is also presented. 相似文献
30.
The synthesis and mesomorphic properties of two homologous series of bent-core (BC) compounds derived from 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene are reported. The two series differ from one another by an electron-withdrawing or an electron-donating lateral substituent on the middle phenyl ring of the arms of the BC. Very interestingly, contrasting results are obtained in which polar phases are observed in compounds containing a chloro substituent and apolar smectic C and nematic phases are obtained when this substituent is replaced by a methyl group. The mesophases have been characterised by using a combination of polarised light optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction measurements, electro-optical and dielectric studies. 相似文献